The blasphemy charges against Jakarta’s governor will put Indonesia’s democracy and national identity to the test.

Modern Indonesia is testimony to the ability of transition democracies to construct a constitutional framework that can guarantee equality, security and freedom from discrimination for all citizens. Since 1998’s Reformasi (the period of transition after the fall of Indonesia’s dictator, Suharto), Indonesians have seen how political reforms can deliver freedom of expression, consolidate the role of…